Sailaja Manikala

Abstract

Background: Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is a one of the important complications of cataract surgery. Nd:YAG is used for the treatment of posterior capsular opacification with very good outcome. Aim of this study was to analyse the improvement of visual acuity after PCO and also to estimate the total laser energy required to perform capsulotomy. Materials and Methods: 129 patients between the ages of 35 to 85 years, who had a successful cataract surgery and complained of failing vision after a period of time of the surgery. PCO was graded and pre and post visual acuity was taken and compared. Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy was done for all patients. Results: Majority of patients (31.8%) had opacification between 6-12 months after surgery. 38 patients had PCO between 13-18 months, while 26 patients had in between 19-24 months after surgery. 12 patients had PCO before 6 months interval after the cataract surgery. After the laser treatment, only 2 patients showed not much improvement, while most of the patients showed a marked improvement of a visual acuity of 6/6-6/12 in 88 (68.2%) of the patients, while 39 (30.2%) showed 6/18 – 6/24 visual acuity. Most common complication of Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy was elevated intraocular pressure. Conclusion: Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy is found to be a very easy and non-invasive procedure to treat posterior capsular opacification. It is found to be very effective and safe to perform with very few complications. Keywords: Cataract, Nd:YAG, Posterior capsular opacification.

View Article

Abstract

Background: Inflammation of the conjunctiva, which is caused due to exposure to allergens is called allergic conjunctivitis. Simple allergic conjunctivitis is fairly common and the symptoms are usually underrated and, most of the patients do not go to the hospital for treatment. There is a wide variation in the occurrence of allergic conjunctivitis in different geographical parts of the world. Materials and Methods: 158 of the patients with allergic conjunctivitis were included in the study were found to have allergic conjunctivitis. Complete history including symptoms such as redness, itching, teary eyes etc. were taken in detail. Results: 53.2% were in the primary school, while 37.3% were in the middle school, or between 6-10th class and 9.5% were in the 11th or 12 std. Exposure to dust was the main cause for allergic conjunctivitis as was seen in 32.3% of the cases. Smoke was the second most common cause with 22.8% affected, followed by Dye eyes in 13.9% of the cases. All the patients experienced itching in the eye, and were rubbing their eyes often. (98.7%). 86.1% had watery eyes with over Lacrimal secretion. Majority of the patients (81.6%) with allergic conjunctivitis had allergic rhinitis. 32.3% had asthma, and 13.3% had atopic dermatitis. Conclusion: Since Allergic conjunctivitis is a mild disease with little morbidity, the patients fail to understand the importance of a regular eye checkup. This can be corrected with the help of health education to the students and the patents in the community. Keywords: Allergic conjunctivitis, Allergic rhinitis, Prevalence.

View Article