Asitava Deb Roy

Abstract

Background: Helicobacter pylori is one of the most important causes of the varied spectrum of gastroduodenal diseases. It is important to have a collaborative approach between clinicians and pathologists for early initiation of treatment in patients and control the progression of the disease. Aims: To evaluate the clinico-histopathological spectrum of gastroduodenal diseases with respect to Helicobacter pylori infection and provide recommendations for reporting and management of the same. Materials and Methods: All patients of chronic dyspepsia not responding to conventional treatment were subjected to endoscopy, and mucosal biopsy samples were collected. A rapid urease test (RUT) and histopathology was performed on these samples. A histopathological evaluation was done with special reference to the Updated Sydney System for reporting of chronic gastritis. Results: The specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy of RUT were 97.22%, 94.04%, 98.75%, 87.5%, and 95%, respectively. The specificity, sensitivity, PPV, NPV and diagnostic accuracy of endoscopy were calculated as 98.68%, 88.5%, 95.83%, 96.15% and 96.07% respectively. Conclusion: A clinicopathological approach for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori associated gastroduodenal diseases which includes clinical assessment, endoscopic evaluation, RUT and histopathological analysis is of prime importance for effective management of such patients. Keywords: Diagnosis, Helicobacter pylori, Histopathology, Endoscopy

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Abstract

Mature cystic teratoma of ovary is the most common germ cell tumour and also the most common tumour of the ovary. It accounts for more than 20% of all the ovarian neoplams. In spite of it being so common, the cut section of such a tumour containing multiple sebaceous balls of varying sizes is quite a rare presentation. Extensive literature search has revealed only few such cases reported in the practice of gynaecology. Here, we present a case of benign cystic teratoma of ovary in a 30-year-old lady with similar presentation.   Keywords: Ovary, Dermoid cyst, Sebaceous balls.

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Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common cause of malignancy worldwide in women & second most common cause of death among them. Higher number of cases have been observed from more developed regions than in less developed. In India age adjusted incidence rate of breast cancer is 2.8/100000 than United Kingdom (95/100000).Breast specimens for histopathological evaluation are one of the most common surgical pathology specimens encountered by a surgical pathologist. In regular breast pathology, immunohistochemistry is a useful tool for both diagnostic and prognostic purposes. Although, most breast lesions may be diagnosed using routine hematoxylin and eosin sections; but, in a few situations, such as morphologically equivocal instances or metastatic cancers of unknown source, immunohistochemistry can help to make a more accurate diagnosis.This review will focus on diagnostic immunomarkers. However, the main goal of this review is to assess the diagnostic value of the most commonly investigated immunomarkers in the field of breast pathology by a review of the literature utilising the PubMed (US National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland) database of indexed publications from 1976 to 2022.   Keywords: Breast, Immunohistochemistry, Diagnosis, Prognosis.

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Abstract

Umbilical granulomas are rare lesions that result due to incomplete closure of the omphalomesenteric duct at the umbilicus. We are presenting a case of umbilical polyp which has persisted in a 5-year-old male child.   Keywords: Umbilical polyp, Omphalomesenteric duct anomaly

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