Megha Bahal

Abstract

An oral medicine doctor is trained to diagnose and manage patients with disorders of the orofacial region, essentially as a "physician of the mouth." An oral medicine doctor has received additional specialized training and experience in the diagnosis and management of oral mucosal abnormalities (growths, ulcers, infection, allergies, immune-mediated and autoimmune disorders, cancers), salivary gland disorders, temporomandibular disorders (e.g.: problems with the TMJ) and facial pain (due to musculoskeletal or neurologic conditions), taste and smell disorders; and recognition of the oral manifestations of systemic and infectious diseases. The life of an oral medicine and radiology specialist is till date not considered an utmost branch. In the scenario when it is the upcoming sector of dentistry, the future prospects of this speciality is the hot topic of discussion.   Keywords: Oral medicine, Future, Radiology, Pharmacovigilance, CBCT.

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Abstract

Pathologies developing on the floor of the mouth create difficulty for the patient and pose a challenge to oral physicians both clinically and surgically as this area manifests numerous vital structures. While diagnosing, an accurate differential diagnosis should be established to rule out other lesions that usually occur on the floor of the mouth such as ranula, lipoma, salivary gland tumours, dermoid cyst, and vascular lesions. Cystic lesions developing from the salivary glands are commonly known as "mucoceles", these lesions develop mostly in relation to the minor salivary glands and rarely, in relation to the major salivary glands. Mucoceles basically are of two types: Mucous retention cyst and Mucous extravasation cyst. A Ranula is a form of mucous extravasation cyst which commonly occurs on the floor of the mouth. Deep seated lesions when herniate through mylohyoid muscle give rise to a clinical variant; plunging or cervical Ranula. Various treatment modalities for ranula has been suggested that include excision of lesion with or without excision of ipsilateral sublingual salivary gland, marsupialization, aspiration of cystic fluid, sclerotherapy, incision and drainage and many more. Those various treatments have shown diverse results. Here we present a case report and review of Sublingual Ranula in a 47-year-old female patient, treated with the excision of the Ranula. A follow-up of 3 months revealed no recurrence. Keywords: Ranula, cyst, mucocele, salivary gland, floor of the mouth, Plunging Ranula, Sublingual salivary gland, marsupialisation

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Abstract

Verrucous carcinoma, a very well differentiated malignant tumour of the oral cavity which has capacity to invade the underlying tissues very quickly. Very invasive as name suggests, this tumour is warty often misleads the oral physician to come upto a clear cut diagnosis. Encountering a patient of Verrucous carcinoma is often accidental as the awe astonishing fact for this tumour is that the subject would never report the chief complaint in maximum number if cases. Verrucous hyperplasia, a very common variant or antecedent of Verrucous carcinoma has almost similar biological potential as the former. This warty appearing tumour aggravates quickly in patients who have constant habit of tobacco chewing and areca nut chewing, thus its termed as Snuff Dippers Cancer. Verrucous carcinoma (also known as Ackerman tumor) is an uncommon exophytic low-grade well differentiated variant of squamous cell carcinoma. This neoplasm typically involves the oral cavity, larynx, genitalia, skin, and esophagus. Often the ‘bad kind’ of squamous cell carcinoma, the troubling and problematic diagnosis of this cancer makes it a physician dilemma both clinically and histopathologically. Keywords: Verrucous carcinoma, Cancer, Invasive, Ulceroproliferative, Retromolar trigone area.

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Abstract

Giant cell fibroma is a unique non neoplastic benign lesion of oral mucosa. It is a localised reactive proliferation of fibrous connective tissue. Surprisingly, this fibroma has no specific association with chronic irritation. It occurs most commonly in the first three decades of life and according to Houston it has a female predilection. It clinically presents as an asymptomatic pedunculate or sessile lump and this diverse unique lesion is confirmed on histopathological examination as clinical examination alone is not sufficient to confirm this fibroma. In this paper we present a rare case of Giant cell fibroma in a 30 year old male.   Keywords: Fibrous hyperplasias, Giant cell fibroma, Oral lesions

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