Rosmi Jose

Abstract

Purpose: To understand the epidemiology of Group B Streptococcal infections among nonpregnant adults and to study the antibiotic susceptibility profile of GBS isolates. Materials and Methods : A cross sectional study conducted in the department of microbiology in a tertiary care teaching hospital during December 2018 to May 2020. Group B Streptococcal (GBS) isolates from clinical samples of nonpregnant adults were included in the study. Identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing of GBS isolates were performed according to standard microbiology techniques. Patient’s demographic features and clinical details were collected from medical records. Results : A total of 58 GBS isolates were obtained from nonpregnant adults during the study period. There was a female (60.3%) predominance among the study group. Mean age of the study subjects was 51.4 years. In our study GBS were commonly isolated from urine 50% (n=29) and wound swabs 46.6% (n=27). One isolate each (1.7%) was obtained from blood culture, urethral swab and high vaginal swab. Common GBS infections noted in this study were Urinary tract infections (50%) and skin and soft tissue infections (46.6%). Diabetes mellitus (58.6%) was the most common risk factor noted in our study. All the isolates were sensitive to Penicillin, Linezolid and Vancomycin. Erythromycin and clindamycin resistance of 13.8% and 6.9% respectively were noted. Conclusion: A shifting trend of GBS infections from pregnant women and neonates to non-pregnant adults was observed in the present study. In patients with diabetes mellitus GBS could be considered as causative agent of skin and soft tissue infections.   Keywords: Group B Streptococcal infections, Nonpregnant adults, Antibiotic sensitivity, South India

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Abstract

Melioidosis, which is mainly prevalent in Thailand and Australia, has shown an increasing trend in India in the last few years. Aim: of this study was to evaluate clinical profile of melioidosis cases in South Indian state Kerala. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively studied 37 culture proven cases of melioidosis admitted in a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India during January 2013 to December 2017. Demographic data, predisposing factors, clinical presentations, complications, management and outcome were noted and analysed. Results: There was male preponderance (67.5%) in the study group and the mean age of study group was 43 years and majority of the patients were between the age group of 40-60 years. There was clustering of cases during the rainy season. Diabetes mellitus was present in 67.5% of the cases. Fever was present in 56.7% of cases. Skin and soft tissue (32.4%) involvement was the most common presentation followed by pulmonary melioidosis (29.7%). There were 40.5% of bacteremic melioidosis. Overall mortality was 24.3% and it was 40% among bacteremic cases and 13.6% among non bacteremic melioidosis. Conclusion: Melioidosis is not uncommon in this part of the country. Clinical profile of Melioidosis cases here are not exactly same as that of other endemic areas of the world. Bacteremic melioidosis has a poorer prognosis than non-bacteremic melioidosis. Keywords: Melioidosis, Clinical profile, South India.

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