Neha Saroha

Abstract

Introduction: Prostate adenocarcinoma is the 6 most common carcinoma in men worldwide. It is usually a cancer of the elderly age group. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a common cause of urinary incontinence and urine flow symptoms, usually seen in the middle along with elderly age group. In this study we have evaluated the expression of p53 immunohistochemistry (IHC) in prostate adenocarcinoma with benign prostatic hyperplasia along with its diagnostic, treatment and prognostic implications. Objectives : 1. Assessment of clinical and biochemical parameters in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate adenocarcinoma. 2. To assess p53(IHC) expression in benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate adenocarcinoma Materials and Methods: The study population comprised of a subset of patients who came to Ramaiah hospital, Bangalore from May 2018 till June 2019, for treatment regarding prostate related symptoms. The clinicodemographic data was collected and prostate biopsies were taken for which histopathological assessment was done. A total of 60 cases comprising of 30 cases of BPH and 30 cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma was subjected to p53 immunohistochemistry. The results were tabulated and statistically analyzed for significance. Results: The present prospective study was conducted on 60 patients with 30 cases (50%) of BPH and 30 cases (50%) of prostatic adenocarcinoma. Based on the tumor differentiation there was 1 case (3.3%) of well differentiated carcinoma, 18 cases(60%) of moderately differentiated carcinoma and 11cases (36.6%) of poorly differentiated carcinomas. We observed an inverse relationship between p53 expression and histological grade. All poorly differentiated carcinoma had higher p53(>50% expression). There was statistically significant difference in expression of p53 between cases of BPH and carcinoma prostate, indicated by P value of Conclusions: P53 expression directly correlates with Gleason score, while inversely correlating with tumor differentiation of prostate carcinoma cases. The expression of p53 is low in BPH as compared to that of prostate cancers. Hence it can be used as a good diagnostic and prognostic marker in prostate carcinoma.   Keywords: p53, Prostate adenocarcinoma, Benign prostatic hyperplasia

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Abstract

Introduction: Upper gastrointestinal tract disorders are one of the most commonly encountered problems in clinical practice and are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. A wide spectrum of disorders can affect the upper gastrointestinal tract, with inflammatory and neoplastic lesions being the most common. Endoscopy, in combination with biopsy plays an important role in timely diagnosis and early management. Objectives: To study the spectrum of neoplastic lesions of upper gastrointestinal tract and its correlation with socio-demographic details. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted at department of pathology, MMCRI from January 2019 to June 2020.A total of 87 upper GI endoscopic biopsies were received and were routine processed and histopathological assessment was done. Thereafter, 50 biopsies diagnosed as neoplastic lesions were included in the present study. Results: Age of the patients varied from 41-80 years with male : female ratio of 2.3 :1. Out of 50 endoscopic biopsies, 34 cases( 68%) were from esophagus and 16 (32%) from stomach. All cases were malignant. Squamous cell carcinoma was the commonest malignancy in the esophagus while adenocarcinoma was the commonest malignancy of stomach. Conclusion: Endoscopy guided biopsy of upper GIT is simple, safe, cost effective, day care procedure with less complication rates and gives direct visualization of pathological site. Most of the patients with GIT malignancy have vague symptoms or no symptoms in early stage and are often diagnosed only in advanced stage. Hence, endoscopy in combination with biopsy acts as a useful diagnostic tool for upper GI lesions and has revolutionized the management of patients.   Keywords:

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