Jyothi A Natikar

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an international public health problem affecting about 5–10% of the population. KDOQI guidelines highlight the importance of measuring the parathyroid hormone levels annually once diagnosed with CKD. If the levels are maintained within the target range, then the various complications can be prevented by adequate treatment. Objectives: 1. To measure the levels of Calcium, Phosphorus, Alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone levels in patients with stage 4 kidney disease. 2. To compare these biochemical parameters with healthy controls. Materials and Methods: 50 CKD patients visiting dialysis unit were included in the study. Patients with congenital renal disorders were excluded. A written informed consent was taken from all patients. The personal details of patients were documented. Clinical history, personal & family history was taken in detail from each patient. 50 Healthy individuals were included as controls in the study. Results: Statistically significant increase in levels of Calcium, Phosphorus, Alkaline phosphatase, Uric acid and parathyroid hormones were seen in CKD patients as compared to controls. Conclusion: The levels of parathormone, calcium & phosphorus are used as surrogate markers of disease progression. Alteration in minerals like calcium and Phosphorus occurs early in the course of disease and are responsible for various cardiovascular manifestations and bone osteodystrophy. The ultimate goals of treating secondary hyperparathyroidism are to normalize mineral metabolism, prevent bone disease and prevent extra skeletal manifestations of the altered biochemical processes. Keywords: CKD- chronic kidney disease, ESRD- End stage renal disease.

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Abstract

Introduction: Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a major complication of Chronic kidney disease resulting from disturbances in the regulation of Parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D. Adding to the burden of CKD elevated Parathyroid hormone levels are responsible for the long-term consequences like renal osteodystrophy, vascular calcifications and also contributes to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among end-stage renal disease patients. Hence, this study was conducted to correlate the levels of PTH in patients with CKD in comparison to normal healthy controls. Materials and Methods: 54 patients diagnosed as CKD and 46 healthy controls are included in the study. Serum levels of Urea, creatinine & PTH measured in both cases and controls. Results : Statistically significant increase in PTH levels were observed in cases as compared to controls (p Conclusion: An increase in PTH levels is seen as the disease progressed. Thus, periodic measurement of PTH is recommended in all patients with CKD in order to reduce complications. Keywords: Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT), Chronic kidney disease (CKD), Parathyroid hormone (PTH).

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