Yashwanth Sreedhara

Abstract

Background: As a dentist, it is very important to know the occlusal relationship of primary dentition so that any malocclusion in permanent dentition can be predicted at early stages and corrected accordingly by orthodontic treatments. The ideal occlusion and spacing in primary dentition acts as a mirror for the prevalence of malocclusion in the permanent dentition. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the occlusal relationships between the primary canines and the primary molars and spacings in primary dentition among a group of 3-6-year-old children. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 children, comprising of 60 boys and 60 girls aged between 3-6 years irrespective of the race and socioeconomic status were randomly selected. The examination was done using pen light and mouth mirror. The occlusal assessment will be done only on children who are healthy and free from extensive caries that would affect the mesiodistal or occluso-gingival dimension of a tooth and, therefore, influence the occlusal characteristics. The primary molar relationship and the canine relationship will be assessed using Foster and Hamilton criteria with the teeth in centric occlusion. Primate space will be measured between primary lateral incisor and canine in the upper and primary canine and deciduous first molar on the lower on both the arches using a digital caliper [0-4 mm]. The obtained data was entered into Microsoft excel and chi-square test will be used for statistical analysis. Results: The study showed that, on left side, mesial step molar relationship was found in 53.3% boys and 55% girls, whereas on right side, 55% of boys and 51.6% of girls showed mesial step molar relationship. On left side, 77% of boys and 70% of girls showed class I canine relationship. On right side, 73% of boys and 67% of girls showed class I canine relationship. Primate spacings were found in 77% of children in maxilla and 84.7% of mandible. Conclusion: The in vivo study concluded that, 1. Mesial step molar relationship was the most common Occlusal relationship of primary molars. 2. Class I canine relationship was the most common canine relationship in primary dentition. 3. Maxillary arch showed more percentage of primate spacings than mandibular arch. The early identification of molar and canine relationships and spacing present will help in prediction of future permanent molar relationship and probable future malocclusion.   Keywords: Primary molar relationship, Primary canine relationship, Primate spacing, Chi- square test

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Abstract

In present scenario, restoring non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) is clinically common. Major reasons for this are increased elderly population, the decreasing levels of tooth loss, and possible increase in the etiologies. These factors are poor brushing technique due to which gums recede, consumption of corrosive foods and beverages, and occlusal stress concentrators (occlusal disorders, premature contact, clenching, and bruxism habits. Unfortunately, Class V restorations are known to be less durable type and they have high index of retention loss, marginal residues and secondary caries. Other problems include isolation, insertion, cutting, finishing, and polishing. The present work aims to help the dentist choose best treatment strategy, which mainly involves the stages of problem identification, diagnosis, elimination or etiological treatment and if require restoration. Finally, appropriate recovery methods are suggested for each situation.   Keywords: Cervical abrasions, GIC, Dental Composites, Dental pain

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