Swati Sucharita Giri

Abstract

Introduction: Colorectal polyps are unusual growths of epithelial tissue projecting from the mucosaof the large bowel. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of histological pattern of polyp among colorectal polypectomy specimen concerning age, sex, size, and site and histopathological features and associated dysplasia. Materials and Methods: The study was done in the Pathology department in collaboration with the Gastroenterology Department on 115 patients. Biopsy was processed and histopathological features were studied with presence or absence of dysplasia. Result: Most patients had constipation (40.87%) followed by rectal bleeding (40.00%) followed by pain abdomen and anemia. Male patients were 76(66.08%) followed by 39(33.91%) female patients. Among male patients most are of age range of 50-59yr (18.42%) and in females were of age range of 60-69yr. (25.64%). Grossly most polyp are of pedunculated shape (74.78%) followed by ulcerated type (13.04%) and least was of sessile appearance (12.17%). Most polyp were found in left side (descending colon: 40.87%) followed by rectum, ascending colon, sigmoid colon and transverse colon with least with caecum. Most Polyps size < 1> 1 cm (9.60%). Regarding the histopathological evaluation of polyp we have reported tubular adenoma (53.91%) followed by hyperplastic polyp (19.13%) followed by tubulovillous adenoma (13.04%). Most of the polyp showed no dysplasia (94.64%) and dysplasia if seen both in tubular adenoma and tubulovillous adenoma. Conclusion: Colonoscopy is the most important tool in the detection of colonic polyp because of premalignant nature.   Keywords: Colonic Polyp, Tubular adenoma, Dysplasia.

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Abstract

Introduction: Thyroid gland diseases are the most common endocrine disease seen in clinical practice after Diabetes mellitus. Ultrasound parameters along with correlation with cytology finding helps in differentiate between benign and malignant thyroid nodule. Aim: The purpose of this study was to study the sonographic features of various benign and malignant thyroid nodules, and to correlate the sonographic findings with Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) and so as to evaluate the accuracy of ultrasonography in diagnosing benign and malignant nodules. Materials and and Methods: The study was conducted in the Pathology department in collaboration with the Radiology Department on 209 patients who were send for ultrasound for thyroid swelling. These patients were further send for fine needle aspiration to the pathology department. Result: The majority of cases which turned malignant on cytology report in this study have association with ultrasound features like predominant solid lesion, hyperechoic lesion, irregular margin, AT ratio greater than 1, absent peripheral halo, microcalcification along with increased internal vascularity and solitary nodules. Conclusion: Ultrasonography of thyroid nodules along with fine needle aspiration cytology serves as a best screening test to detect malignancy in outpatient department. The use of different parameters in ultrasound helps in categorizing the lesion and their management. In this study we have association with ultrasound features like predominant solid lesion, hyperechoic lesion and irregular margin, AT ratio less than 1, absent peripheral halo, microcalcification along with increased internal vascularity and solitary nodules with malignancy on cytology.   Keywords: Thyroid malignancy, Ultrasound parameters, Cytology

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