Authors : Bhavna Gupta, Bhavna Gupta, Anish Gupta, Anish Gupta, Lalit Gupta, Lalit Gupta
DOI : 10.18231/j.ijca.2019.031
Volume : 6
Issue : 2
Year : 2019
Page No : 165-171
The stress response to surgery, trauma, burns, and critical illness is a well-known entity and encompasses derangements in metabolic and physiological pathways which leads to inflammatory, acute phase, hormonal and genomic responses. There is a state of hyper catabolism and hyper metabolism, which results in impaired wound healing, impaired immune functions and muscle wasting. The stress response to surgery is similar to that induced as a result of traumatic injuries, however it depends on the duration and severity of surgical or traumatic injury. Body responds to such stimuli which may range from minor to massive insults and response is characterized by local or generalized responses. The generalized responses vary from endocrinal, metabolic and biochemical changes in the body and magnitude of the same vary dep/ending on the intensity, severity and duration of stimuli. Stress responses are known to be well tolerated in normal healthy adults, however in patients with known ailments and co-morbidities such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, liver diseases, renal insufficiency, old age, changes may be detrimental and life threatening.
Keywords: Stress, Metabolic Response, Surgery, Anesthesia.