Authors : G Bala Bhaskara Reddy, G Bala Bhaskara Reddy
DOI : 10.18231/j.ijmpo.2019.027
Volume : 5
Issue : 4
Year : 2019
Page No : 117-120
Introduction: One of the most commonly encountered hormonal disturbances in the pediatric age group is thyroid dysfunction, out of which hypothyroidism the most common one. This study was done to assess the clinical and the etiology of thyroid disorder in children.
Materials and Methods: 118 children from the ages 0 to 15 with suggestive features of hypothyroidism such as prolonged jaundice of the newborn, features of cretinism, physical and mental growth retardation, obesity, constipation were included into the study. Apart from demographic and familial details, blood was collected for the detection of T3, T4 and TSH.
Results: There was a slight preponderance of females over males (1.4:1 ratio). Out of the total children included in the study, euthyroid was seen in 65.3%, 27.1% had hypothyroid and 7.6% had hyperthyroidism. Most of them (66%) were non goitrous hypothyroidism, where as 12% cases were hypothyroid with goiter. 2% were with goiter among the hyperthyroid cases and 20% without goiter. Out of the causes of thyroid disorders, the most common was acquired hypothyroidism in all the cases. Goitre was seen in 11 of the patients with euthyroid, 5 in patients with hypothyroid and in 1 patient with hyperthyroid.
Conclusion: Understanding the risk factors, signs and symptoms are very essential to prevent this condition. Education to the parents is also needed.
Keywords: Hypothyroisim, Hyperthyroidism, Thyroid dysfunction, Children.