Impact of Varying Doses and Durations of Acrylamide on Body Weight Gain, Hematological and Biochemical Markers: In Vivo Experimental Study
Background: This study investigated the dose- and time-dependent toxic effects of chronic acrylamide exposure, a common food contaminant, using an in vivo model to guide the dietary safety.
Materials and methods: Forty Wistar rats were administered acrylamide at doses of 0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 μg/kg/day via their diet for periods of 6 or 12 weeks. We monitored clinical signs, body weight, and analyzed hematological and biochemical markers to assess systemic toxicity.
Results: Progressive neurological impairment, anemia, and systemic toxicity were observed at doses ≥10 μg/kg after 12 weeks, while no adverse effects occurred at ≤5 μg/kg at 6 weeks. Significant growth suppression was noted at 20 μg/kg (6 weeks) and at ≥10 μg/kg (12 weeks). Hematological analysis confirmed dose-dependent anemia, inflammation, and late-stage thrombocytopenia. Biochemical markers indicated significant renal dysfunction (elevated creatinine and urea) and hepatocellular injury [increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)], while glucose levels remained stable.
Conclusion: The study identifies 2.5 μg/kg/day as a dose without significant adverse effects under the tested conditions, while doses ≥10 μg/kg/day induced multisystem toxicity. The findings demonstrate acrylamide’s cumulative, multisystem toxicity and provide critical data for refining human dietary safety assessments.
Keywords: Acrylamide, Biochemistry, Dose response, Hematology, Neurotoxicity, Toxicity.
Materials and methods: Forty Wistar rats were administered acrylamide at doses of 0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 μg/kg/day via their diet for periods of 6 or 12 weeks. We monitored clinical signs, body weight, and analyzed hematological and biochemical markers to assess systemic toxicity.
Results: Progressive neurological impairment, anemia, and systemic toxicity were observed at doses ≥10 μg/kg after 12 weeks, while no adverse effects occurred at ≤5 μg/kg at 6 weeks. Significant growth suppression was noted at 20 μg/kg (6 weeks) and at ≥10 μg/kg (12 weeks). Hematological analysis confirmed dose-dependent anemia, inflammation, and late-stage thrombocytopenia. Biochemical markers indicated significant renal dysfunction (elevated creatinine and urea) and hepatocellular injury [increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)], while glucose levels remained stable.
Conclusion: The study identifies 2.5 μg/kg/day as a dose without significant adverse effects under the tested conditions, while doses ≥10 μg/kg/day induced multisystem toxicity. The findings demonstrate acrylamide’s cumulative, multisystem toxicity and provide critical data for refining human dietary safety assessments.
Keywords: Acrylamide, Biochemistry, Dose response, Hematology, Neurotoxicity, Toxicity.