Authors : Priya Chauhan, Areena Hoda Siddiqui, Anil Kumar, Naimshree Sonkar
DOI : 10.51470/bca.2024.24.1.775
Volume : 24
Issue : 1
Year : 2024
Page No : 775
Mycoses, or fungal infections are a serious health concern for people because of its increasing rates of morbidity and mortality, they have become a global source of worry for medical practitioners. An estimated one billion people are affected by fungal infections annually and they cause 1.6 million deaths. Most fungal pathogen-induced human infections are caused by species of Candida. These species include Candida albicans, resulting in opportunistic infections; drug-resistant Candida glabrata; Candida auris, the new danger to global public health; and other developing species including tropicalis, parapsilosis and krusei. Candida albicans is a commensal yeast fungus in oral, gastrointestinal, genital mucosal surfaces and skin. It is the commonest fungus microbiome in humanbeing; it asymptomatically colonises various regions of the body, particularly the gastro intestinal and genitour inary tracts of healthy people. Changes in the microbiota of the host, stress and host immunity can all contribute to the overgrowth of Candida albicans, which can result in a variety of illnesses, ranging from superficial mucosal infections to hematogenously disseminated candidiasis. The majority of research on Candida albicans has been done in suspension cultures thus far, but the medical significance of this bacteria and other microorganisms--relies on its capacity to proliferate as a biofilm, or densely packed community of cells. Biofilms being well known for growing on implanted medical equipment, such as pacemakers, prosthetic joints and catheters, which offer surfaces and havens for biofilm development. Because C. albicans biofilms are inherently resist ant in the host immune system, traditional antifungal medications and other environmental perturbations, biofilm-based infections pose a serious clinical issue. This review aims to discuss the Biofilm Formation Mechanism in Candida albicans with Special Reference to its Virulence Factors.